Celebrate the arrival of a future king—and a very controversial one at that!
On December 24, 1167, John, the youngest son of King Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, was born in Beaumont Palace, Oxford. Known to history as King John, his reign would be marked by rebellion, political drama, and the signing of the Magna Carta—a document that shaped constitutional history. While his rule remains a subject of debate, his birth in 1167 was a moment of royal celebration and the start of a life that would leave a lasting impact on England.
A weekend in Oxford during this time is your chance to explore the early days of one of England’s most infamous monarchs, against the backdrop of a medieval city bustling with scholars, merchants, and festive cheer.
Why Visit Oxford in December 1167?
Oxford in 1167 is a vibrant town known for its burgeoning academic community and proximity to royal estates. Beaumont Palace, a royal residence just outside the town’s centre, is abuzz with activity as the court celebrates John’s birth. The town’s mix of academic life and political intrigue offers a fascinating glimpse into medieval England, while the wintry season adds a touch of festive charm.
When to Go: December 23–25, 1167
Arrive on December 23rd to explore Oxford’s medieval streets and enjoy the build-up to the royal birth. December 24th is the main event, with the birth of the future king in the midst of Christmas festivities. Use December 25th to enjoy a medieval Christmas in the heart of one of England’s oldest cities.
Where to Stay
1. A Guesthouse Near St Frideswide’s Priory
Stay close to the spiritual heart of Oxford, where monks and scholars gather. The guesthouse offers simple but warm accommodations with a view of the town’s medieval skyline.
2. A Merchant’s Residence in the Town Centre
For a livelier experience, opt for a room in a merchant’s house near the bustling market square. It’s the perfect base for soaking in the town’s festive energy.
What to Do
1. Visit Beaumont Palace
While you won’t get a glimpse of baby John, you can admire the royal residence where he was born. The palace is a symbol of Plantagenet power, blending political might with architectural grandeur.
2. Explore Medieval Oxford
Wander the narrow streets lined with timber-framed houses and bustling market stalls. Visit St Mary’s Church, a centre of both worship and academic life, and meet the scholars who form the early foundations of Oxford University.
3. Celebrate a Medieval Christmas
Immerse yourself in the Yuletide traditions of 12th-century England. From carols to communal feasts, the town is alive with the spirit of the season. Don’t miss the opportunity to enjoy a spiced ale or a steaming bowl of pottage.
4. Learn About the Plantagenets
Chat with locals and court officials to hear the latest gossip about Henry II, Eleanor of Aquitaine, and their growing brood of royal offspring. John, born into a powerful but quarrelsome family, is already part of a dynasty destined for drama.
Where to Eat
1. The Crown Tavern
Enjoy hearty medieval fare such as roasted meats, bread, and ale. This lively tavern is a favourite among Oxford’s merchants and travellers.
2. A Market Stall
Pick up a quick bite from the town’s market, such as a hot pie or a slice of cheese. These simple treats are perfect for fuelling your explorations.
Fun Facts About John and His Birth
- A Royal Christmas Baby: John was born on Christmas Eve, making his arrival an extra cause for celebration among the royal court.
- The Youngest Plantagenet: As the youngest of eight siblings, John earned the nickname “Lackland” because he initially received no inheritance.
- Future Monarch: Despite his controversial reign (think the loss of Normandy and clashes with barons), John’s legacy includes the Magna Carta, a cornerstone of constitutional law.
Survival Tips for Time Travellers
- Dress for the Season: Medieval Oxford in December is cold and damp. Wrap up in a warm cloak and sturdy boots for comfort and practicality.
- Blend In with the Locals: Wear simple tunics and woollen garments to fit in with Oxford’s residents. Avoid drawing attention to yourself near the royal court!
- Brush Up on Latin: With scholars filling the town, a little Latin goes a long way when engaging with academics or priests.
- Prepare for Festivities: The Christmas season in 1167 includes religious observances and feasting. Join in with good cheer, but mind your manners in the presence of nobility.
Why This Weekend Matters
John’s birth in 1167 was a significant moment in English history, marking the arrival of a king whose reign would shape the nation’s future. While his rule was fraught with conflict, his role in the signing of the Magna Carta remains a defining legacy, influencing democratic principles worldwide. For history students, this weekend offers a fascinating look at the early life of a monarch whose impact is still felt today.
Want to Know More?
Further Reading:
- King John: Treachery, Tyranny and the Road to Magna Carta by Marc Morris
- Eleanor of Aquitaine: By the Wrath of God, Queen of England by Alison Weir
- The Plantagenets: The Kings Who Made England by Dan Jones
Primary Sources:
- Magna Carta (1215)
- Writings from chroniclers such as Roger of Wendover and Matthew Paris
Online Resources:
- British Library’s Magna Carta Collection: www.bl.uk
- Oxford History Centre: www.oxfordshire.gov.uk
Final Thoughts
Oxford, December 1167, is a city brimming with history and anticipation. Celebrate the birth of King John while exploring the medieval charm of a town poised for greatness. Whether you’re fascinated by royal intrigue, scholarly life, or the festive spirit of Christmas past, this weekend promises an unforgettable journey into England’s storied past.
Pack your warm cloak and your curiosity. Oxford—and a newborn king—await!
