Witness history as the Cold War thaws and two superpowers reshape the world at the Malta Summit.
On December 3, 1989, the Cold War—a decades-long geopolitical and ideological struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union—effectively came to an end during the Malta Summit. US President George H.W. Bush and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev met aboard ships in Malta’s Grand Harbour, marking a new era of cooperation. Often called the “Yalta of the Cold War’s end,” this meeting signified the conclusion of 40 years of tension, proxy wars, and a looming threat of nuclear annihilation.
A weekend in Malta during this historic moment offers a ringside seat to global diplomacy while enjoying the beauty of a Mediterranean island steeped in history.
Why Visit Malta in December 1989?
Malta in December 1989 is at the centre of the world stage. The island, already famous for its rich heritage and stunning harbours, is hosting the summit that will reshape international relations. While world leaders hash out the details of peace, you can explore the charming streets of Valletta, admire the grandeur of the Grand Harbour, and soak in the island’s blend of history and modernity.
This weekend combines the weight of history with the laid-back allure of the Mediterranean.
When to Go: December 2–4, 1989
Arrive on December 2nd to see the preparations for the summit and explore Valletta’s historic sites. December 3rd is the main event, with Bush and Gorbachev’s discussions aboard their respective ships. Use December 4th to reflect on the significance of the summit and enjoy the island’s sights.
Where to Stay
1. Phoenicia Hotel, Valletta
Stay at this luxurious hotel near Valletta’s city gates. It’s a favourite for diplomats and travellers, offering stunning views and easy access to the Grand Harbour.
2. A Guesthouse in Birgu
For a more intimate experience, stay in Birgu (Vittoriosa), one of the Three Cities overlooking the Grand Harbour. Its charming alleys and historic fortifications provide an authentic Maltese atmosphere.
What to Do
1. Witness the Summit from Grand Harbour
While you won’t be able to board the USS Belknap or the Soviet ship Maxim Gorky, you can admire these iconic vessels from the harbour. Watch as Bush and Gorbachev engage in discussions that will define a new world order.
2. Explore Valletta’s Historic Streets
Stroll through the UNESCO-listed streets of Valletta, lined with Baroque architecture and bustling markets. Visit landmarks like St John’s Co-Cathedral and the Grandmaster’s Palace.
3. Visit the Three Cities
Cross the harbour to explore Birgu, Senglea, and Cospicua. These ancient cities are steeped in history, from the Knights of Malta to World War II.
4. Tour Fort St Angelo
Perched at the edge of Birgu, this fortress offers stunning views of the Grand Harbour and insight into Malta’s strategic importance throughout history.
Where to Eat
1. Ta’ Frenc Restaurant
Enjoy fine dining with Mediterranean flavours. Fresh seafood and Maltese specialties like rabbit stew are perfect for a celebratory meal marking the Cold War’s end.
2. A Harbourfront Café
Grab a seat at a café overlooking the Grand Harbour for a casual meal of pastizzi (flaky pastries filled with ricotta or peas) and a glass of Maltese wine.
Survival Tips for Time Travellers
- Blend In with 1980s Style: Pack your shoulder pads, bright colours, and aviator sunglasses. You’ll look right at home among the diplomats and press.
- Stay Clear of Security Zones: The summit is a high-security event, so avoid restricted areas around the ships. Admire from a safe distance.
- Learn the Key Players: Familiarise yourself with the history of the Cold War and the roles of Gorbachev and Bush. This will help you engage with locals and follow the news.
- Enjoy the Weather: Malta’s mild December climate makes it perfect for outdoor exploration. Pack a light jacket for the evenings.
Why This Weekend Matters
The Malta Summit was a turning point in 20th-century history, symbolising the end of the Cold War. While no formal treaties were signed, the mutual understanding reached between Bush and Gorbachev set the stage for a new era of cooperation. This event marked the collapse of the Iron Curtain, paving the way for the reunification of Germany, the dissolution of the Soviet Union, and the spread of democracy across Eastern Europe.
For history students, the summit highlights the importance of diplomacy and dialogue in resolving global conflicts.
Want to Know More?
Further Reading:
- The Cold War: A New History by John Lewis Gaddis
- Revolution 1989: The Fall of the Soviet Empire by Victor Sebestyen
- The Last Empire: The Final Days of the Soviet Union by Serhii Plokhy
Primary Sources:
- Transcripts and reports from the Malta Summit
- Speeches by George H.W. Bush and Mikhail Gorbachev
Online Resources:
- National Security Archive: www.nsarchive.gwu.edu
- Cold War History Project: www.coldwar.org
Final Thoughts
Malta, December 1989, is a place of warmth, beauty, and profound historical significance. Witness the end of the Cold War while exploring the island’s rich heritage and stunning landscapes. This weekend offers the perfect mix of diplomacy, history, and Mediterranean charm.
Pack your sunglasses and your curiosity. Malta—and the dawn of a new era—await!
